PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.